Abstract
This research delves into the evaluation and classification of historic plaster decorations in Iranian architecture, specifically exploring plasterworks during the Islamic epoch. The study aims to fill the gap in categorizing these decorations based on technical aspects, drawing attention to the lack of comprehensive technical knowledge due to limited written resources. Field studies, direct observations, and laboratory analysis serve to scientifically assess and classify these decorations, aiming to identify techniques used, materials employed, and execution methods.
The main objective is to establish a technical understanding of various plaster-working techniques in Islamic-era Iranian architecture. It seeks to address questions regarding the cognitive features, technical characteristics, diverse plaster-working methods, and shaping techniques used in these decorations.
The methodology involves a descriptive and semi-experimental approach, encompassing field studies, visual inspections, and interviews with experienced craftsmen. Initial visual observations guide the selection of representative historical artifacts for detailed technical evaluation. Interviews aim to capture the tacit knowledge passed down through generations of craftsmen.
The summary briefly covers the research’s objective of categorizing and understanding technical aspects of plaster decorations in Iranian architecture during the Islamic epoch through field studies, observations, and interviews with craftsmen, aiming to bridge the gap in technical knowledge in this domain.
The results obtained from this research demonstrate that, generally, there exist nine distinct categories within Iranian gypsum craftsmanship during the Islamic period, each executed in various manners with different techniques, constituent materials, and shaping methods. The creation of plaster decorations has uniquely adorned the interiors and exteriors of historical structures, particularly during the Islamic era in Iran, each contributing to the aesthetics in its own distinct way.